Drinking tart Montmorency cherry juice can reduce early signs of hypertension

 

The Montmorency cherry is a variety of sour cherry (Prunus cerasus) grown in the United States, Canadaand France, particularly in Michigan and in Door County, Wisconsin. Montmorency cherries are part of the lighter-red Amarelle cultivar of sour cherries, rather than the darker-red Morello cultivar. Michigan produces over 90,000 tons of Montmorency cherries each year.

Drinking tart Montmorency cherry juice significantly reduces high blood pressure at a level comparable to that achieved by medication, according to new research from Northumbria University, Newcastle.

The findings, which are published in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition today (Wednesday 4 May), found that men with early signs of hypertension - more commonly known as high blood pressure - saw a 7% reduction in blood pressure after drinking Montmorency cherry concentrate when compared to drinking a fruit-flavoured cordial.

This reduction is comparable to the level achieved by anti-hypertensive medication.

High blood pressure affects over five million people in England and, if left untreated, increases risk of heart attack, heart failure, kidney disease, stroke or dementia. Normal blood pressure is around 120/80 mmHg.

Researchers from Northumbria University's Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation worked with fifteen participants who were displaying early hypertension with blood pressure readings of at least 130/90 mmHg, meaning they were at higher risk of experiencing cardiovascular related problems.

They were told that the study was to investigate the effect of a fruit juice on vascular function and were given either 60ml of a Montmorency cherry concentrate or the same amount of a commercially available fruit-flavoured cordial.

Blood pressure and blood samples were taken before the cherry concentrate was consumed and blood pressure was measured on an hourly basis thereafter. Blood samples and a series of other cardiovascular screening tests were taken again on a regular basis over the following eight hours.

The researchers found that the participants who were given the cherry concentrate saw a peak reduction in their blood pressure of 7 mmHg in the three hours after consuming the drink.

Past studies have shown that a reduction of between 5-6 mmHg over a sustained period has been associated with a 38% reduced risk of stroke and 23% reduced risk of coronary heart disease.

Interestingly, those participants with blood pressure levels at the higher end of the scale saw the most benefit.

The greatest improvement in systolic blood pressure occurred when the phenolic acids, protocatechuic and vanillic, within the cherry concentrate reached their peak levels in the plasma. The researchers believe that these particular compounds are, at least in part, responsible for the reduction.

Lead author and Lecturer in Sport and Exercise Nutrition, Karen Keane, explained: "The majority of cardiovascular disease is caused by risk factors that can be controlled, treated or modified, such as high blood pressure, cholesterol, obesity, tobacco use, lack of physical activity and diabetes. Raised blood pressure is the leading cause of deaths from cardiovascular disease, yet relatively small reductions in blood pressure can have a large impact on mortality rates.

"The magnitude of the blood pressure lowering effects we observed was comparable to those achieved by a single anti-hypertensive drug and highlights the potential importance that Montmorency cherries could have in the effective management of high blood pressure."

Drinking tart Montmorency cherry juice can reduce early signs of hypertension: Drinking tart Montmorency cherry juice significantly reduces high blood pressure at a level comparable to that achieved by medication, according to new research from Northumbria University, Newcastle.

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone (a selective TrkB agonist) as new class of brain protecting drugs ?

In recent days, I have seen many groups working on the diverse activities of  flavonoid family of chemicals. In my earlier blog, have mentioned about Quercetin   (quercetin a flavonoid has been reported for diverse activities). Now interestingly  investigators at Emory University School of Medicine,  have reported that '7,8-Dihydroxyflavone' (see structure - also a  member of the flavonoid family of chemicals, abundant in fruits and vegetables-cherries to soybeans)   can partially prevent the death of neurons in experimental models of three neurological diseases" and  this  selective effect suggest that it could be  a new class of brain-protecting drugs.

Investigators at Emory University School of Medicine, led by Dr. Keqiang Ye, (Associate professor of pathology and laboratory medicine), were searching for a way to mimic a protein found in the brain called BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor).

BDNF has been studied extensively for its ability to protect neurons vulnerable to degeneration in several diseases, such as ALS, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease,  Ye, one of the authors says, "the trouble with BDNF is one of delivery. It's a protein, so it can't cross the blood-brain barrier and degrades quickly". 

Researchers tried a a library of chemicals to find those that could stimulate one of the proteins on the surfaces of neurons that BDNF binds to. They could show that, 7,8-dihydroxyflavone sends survival signals to brain cells by pulling together two TrkB receiver-dish molecules, just like BDNF does. Interesting part of this research is that, 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone is active in the brain when injected into the body cavity (meaning that it can cross the blood-brain barrier). As claimed by the co-author Ye, many experimental "neuroprotectant" drugs have been unsuccessful in clinical trials for diseases such as stroke and Parkinson's over the last decade and 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone is the first molecule that specifically triggers TrkB. To show the effects of 7,8-dihydroxyflavone depended on TrkB,  authors used mice with a modified TrkB gene and were successful in doing so. Detailed animal studies to substantiate the claim  are essential , still  in my opinion its a good achievement... (details...)

Cherry intake reduces risk of gout attacks

In continuation of my update on cherries

Cherry intake reduces risk of gout attacks

Quercetin blocks Hepatitis C infection....

The conventional treatments for hepatitis C are interferon and ribavirin, which can cause major side effects and aren't effective in all patients. But something interesting and unique has been achieved  by UCLA researchers.

As per the claim by the lead researcher Samuel French Assistant Professor, Pathology of UCLA, they have  identified major two cellular proteins (HSPs, heat shock proteins 40 and 70) that play an important role in hepatitis C infection, and they say the finding may point to new and less toxic treatments for the disease, which can lead to cirrhosis and liver cancer. The researchers also found that Quercetin,  blocks the synthesis of two heat shock proteins 40 and 70proteins  and significantly inhibited viral infection in tissue culture.

 

Quercetin (see the structure) :  

Is a plant-derived flavonoid, specifically a flavonol, used as a nutritional supplement. Laboratory studies show it may have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties,  and it is being investigated for a wide range of potential health benefits.Interestingly American cancer society, says that while quercetin has been promoted as being effective against a wide variety of diseases, including cancer, There is current early-stage clinical research on quercetin addressing safety and efficacy against sarcoidosis, asthma and glucose absorption in obesity and diabetes. Food riches in Quercetin includes, capers, lovage, apples, tea (Camellia sinensis), onion, especially red onion (higher concentrations of quercetin occur in the outermost rings), red grapes, citrus fruit, tomato, broccoli and other leafy green vegetables, cherries and berries.

Significant claims by the researchers are ;

a. quercetin targets cellular proteins rather than viral proteins, there is less likelihood of developing viral

    resistance (cellular proteins cannot change like viral proteins can);

b. quercetin may allow for the dissection of the viral life cycle and has potential therapeutic use to reduce
    virus  production with low associated toxicity.

Hope the researcher will have positive results from the phase 1 clinical trial.....

Ref :http://www.cancer.ucla.edu/Index.aspx?page=644&recordid=312

Endothelial Function Improvement With Dietary (Cocoa) Flavanols in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease....

A new study by UCSF cardiologists and researchers lead by Dr. Yerem Yeghiazarians found that high concentrations of cocoa flavanols decrease blood pressure, improve the health of blood vessels and increase the number of circulating blood-vessel-forming cells in patients with heart disease. The findings indicate that foods rich in flavanols  such as cocoa products, tea, wine, and various fruits and vegetables have a cardio-protective benefit for heart disease patients.

Flavanols are phytonutrient compounds that are found naturally in apples, grapes, tea, cocoa and cherries, which account for the antioxidant effect provided by red wine and green tea. The study found a protective effect from a cocoa drink with 375 mg of flavanols, but according to researchers, a standard or recommended dosage has not yet been defined to achieve optimal health benefit.

The UCSF team has shown for the first time that one of the possible mechanisms of flavanol's benefit is an increase in the circulation of so-called angiogenic cells in the blood. These cells, also known as early endothelial progenitor cells, are critical for the repair process after vascular injury, and perform function and maintenance roles in the endothelium. Endothelium is the thin layer of cells that line the interior wall of blood vessels.

In the current study, the benefit seen from the two-fold increase in circulating angiogenic cells was similar to that achieved by therapy with statins and with lifestyle changes such as exercise and smoking cessation. The benefit demonstrated with cocoa flavanol therapy occurred in addition to the medical regimen already being taken by study participants.

"Our data support the concept that dietary flavanols at the levels provided -- in tandem with current medical therapy -- are safe, improve cardiovascular function, and increase circulating angiogenic cells, which have previously been shown to correlate positively with long-term cardiovascular outcomes" said Yeghiazarians.

Though long-term trials examining the effects of high-flavanol diets on cardiovascular health and function are warranted, but these early findings help us understand how these compounds impact the function of damaged blood vessels...

Ref : Yerem Yeghiazarians et.al., J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 13, 2010; 56: A20.