Showing posts with label brominated furanone. Show all posts
Showing posts with label brominated furanone. Show all posts

Monday, December 28, 2009

Bromo furanones a new class of antimicrobials.....

We know that Candida albicans is the most virulent  Candida species of medical importance, which presents a great threat to immunocompromised individuals such as HIV patients. Candida albicans is carried by about 75 percent of the public. Typically the fungus is harmless but, in individuals with HIV or otherwise compromised immune systems, it can cause candidiasis, which has a high mortality rate. The fungi can also form biofilms that attach to surfaces and are up to 1,000 times more resistant to anti-fungals.

Currently, there are only four classes of antifungal agents available for treating fungal infections: azoles (Diflucan, flucanazole), polyenes, pyrimidines, and echinocandins. The fast spread of multidrug resistant C. albicans strains has increased the demand for new antifungal drugs.

Now two Syracuse University scientists have developed new brominated furanones (see structure) that exhibit powerful anti-fungal properties.

As per the claim by the researchers, the compound exhibited more than 80 percent. Structure and activity of this class of furanones reveals that the exocyclic vinyl bromide conjugated with the carbonyl group is the most important structural element for fungal inhibition. Furthermore, gene expression analysis using DNA microarrays showed that 3 μg/mL of 4-bromo-5Z-(bromomethylene)-3-butylfuran-2-one (BF1) upregulated 32 C. albicans genes with functions of stress response, NADPH dehydrogenation, and small-molecule transport, and repressed 21 genes involved mainly in cell-wall maintenance.

Interestingly, only a small overlap is observed between the gene expression changes caused by the representative brominated furanone in this study and other antifungal drugs reported in literature. This result suggests that brominated furanones and other antifungal drugs may target different fungal proteins or genes.

The existence of such new targets provides an opportunity for developing new agents to control fungal pathogens which are resistant to currently available drugs.

The research team has also shown previously that these furanones inhibit bacterial biofilm formation; thus they may help control chronic infections where biofilms often appear, on surgical, dental and other implants. Hope broad spectrum of other potential capabilities make this class of compounds a new way to combat the microbes in the days to come...

Ref : http://springerlink.com/content/92735526v5013088/