Showing posts sorted by relevance for query Azithromycin. Sort by date Show all posts
Showing posts sorted by relevance for query Azithromycin. Sort by date Show all posts

Friday, March 4, 2016

Azithromycin remains effective in treatment of urogenital chlamydia, confirms UAB study

Azithromycin structure.svg 

In continuation of my update on azithromycin...

In one of the most tightly controlled trials ever conducted of drugs used to treat sexually transmitted infections, researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham have confirmed that azithromycin remains effective in the treatment of urogenital chlamydia.

In a study published Dec. 24 in the New England Journal of Medicine, the research team compared two of the most commonly used medications for urogenital chlamydia — a single dose of azithromycin versus doxycycline given twice daily for seven days. Azithromycin had a cure rate of 97 percent, against a 100 percent cure rate for doxycycline.

"Recent studies have raised concerns over the efficacy of azithromycin, and there has not been a definitive, well-controlled randomized clinical trial of its effectiveness," said William M. Geisler, M.D., professor in the Division of Infectious Diseases in the UAB Department of Medicine and principal investigator of the study. "For physicians, knowing whether azithromycin is an effective treatment option is important because patient adherence to therapy with doxycycline can be an issue. Azithromycin requires only one dose, while doxycycline requires patients to take multiple pills over seven days.

Studies have shown that patients are much more likely to be adherent to therapy when taking a single dose compared to multiple doses over time. Failure to take all of a prescribed medicine can allow the condition being treated to persist.

Geisler's team partnered with researchers at the University of Southern California and the Los Angeles County Department of Health Services. They enrolled 567 male and female subjects ages 12-21 with chlamydia residing in long-term, gender-segregated youth correctional facilities in Los Angeles. Half were given azithromycin and half doxycycline.

Friday, June 11, 2010

Azithromycin as effective as penicillin for early-stage syphilis...

We know that azithromycin (structure) is one of the world's best-selling  antibiotics. It is derived from erythromycin; however, it differs chemically from erythromycin in that a methyl-substituted nitrogen atom is incorporated into the lactone ring, thus making the lactone ring 15-membered.  Azithromycin is being used to treat or prevent certain bacterial infections, most often those causing middle ear infections, tonsillitis, throat infections, laryngitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, Typhoid, certain urinary tract infections and venereal diseases, such as non-gonococcal urethritis, chlamydia, gonorrhea and cervicitis. and sinusitis. In recent years it has primarily been used to prevent bacterial infections in infants and those with weaker immune systems.

Now researchers lead by Dr. Edward W. Hook, III of University of Alabama at Birmingham have come up with an interesting finding, i.e., antibiotic pills (azithromycin) are as effective as penicillin injections in curing early-stage syphilis in HIV-negative volunteers. 
Although long-acting penicillin delivered by injection is recommended as the preferred treatment for early syphilis, the authors note that this therapy has shortcomings, particularly in resource-limited settings. Penicillin injections can cause allergic reactions, and the drug must be refrigerated and administrated by trained personnel. The orally administered azithromycin may provide a good alternative for treating HIV-negative people with early-stage syphilis, the scientists conclude. They note that there is a potential for syphilis-causing bacteria to acquire resistance to macrolide drugs such as azithromycin and they recommend continued research into this possibility..
Ref : http://www.niaid.nih.gov/news/newsreleases/2010/Pages/syphilis.aspx

Wednesday, August 30, 2017

Antibiotic gel shows promise in preventing onset of Lyme borreliosis following tick bite

In continuation of my update on azithromycin

An antibiotic gel based on azithromycin, an antibiotic with antibacterial properties, helps to prevent the onset of Lyme borreliosis following a tick bite. That is the finding of a multi-centre international study, in which MedUni Vienna's Department of Clinical Pharmacology played an important part. The study has now been published in the world-leading journal "The Lancet Infectious Diseases" (impact factor 21,372).

 Azithromycin structure.svg

In addition to the Medical University of Vienna, Austrian partners involved in the Phase II/III study, which now only has to be followed by a verification study in order to be potentially put into clinical use, were the Medical University of Graz (Department of Dermatology), the Medical University of Innsbruck (Department of Dermatology and Venerology), the Elisabethinen Hospital in Linz and the Center for Travel Medicine in St. Pölten. Other study partners come from Germany (Berlin, Würzburg) and Switzerland (Zürich). The antibiotic gel was developed by the Swiss company Ixodes AG.

A total of 1,000 patients with fresh tick bites were treated with the antibiotic gel within 72 hours of being bitten. Says Jilma: "None of the test subjects went on to develop Lyme borreliosis." Conversely, in the control group that received a placebo, there were seven cases of borreliosis.

The advantage of the gel is that it has no side-effects and, according to the promising results, can therefore also be used for children. Moreover, treatment is very simple: the gel has to be applied every 12 hours over a period of three days. "This kills off the borrelia," explains Jilma.
In Austria, there are around 24,000 cases of Lyme disease every year, while in Western Europe the annual figure is more than 200,000 new cases of the world's most common tick-borne infectious disease. If the infection goes untreated, it can attack a person's joints, heart and nervous system and lead to serious complications. Up to 5% of all tick bites result in Lyme disease: around 20% of ticks are infected.

Ref : http://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/laninf/PIIS1473-3099(16)30529-1.pdf

Monday, July 16, 2012

Azithromycin can be effective treatment option for patients with BOS

In continuation of my update on azithromycin

Azithromycin can be effective treatment option for patients with BOS: Researchers in the United Kingdom have determined that azithromycin, a broad-spectrum antibiotic that also has anti-inflammatory properties, can be an effective treatment option for patients suffering from bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS), a life-threatening complication that occurs in the majority of patients following lung transplantation.




Sunday, February 1, 2015

SLU researcher discovers new information about how antibiotics stop staph infections


In research published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, assistant professor of biochemistry and molecular biology at Saint Louis University Mee-Ngan F. Yap, Ph.D., discovered new information about how antibiotics like azithromycin stop staph infections, and why staph sometimes becomes resistant to drugs.

Her evidence suggests a universal, evolutionary mechanism by which the bacteria eludes this kind of drug, offering scientists a way to improve the effectiveness of antibiotics to which bacteria have become resistant.

Staphylococcus aureus (familiar to many as the common and sometimes difficult to treat staph infection) is a strain of bacteria that frequently has become resistant to antibiotics, a development that has been challenging for doctors and dangerous for patients with severe infections.

Yap and her research team studied staph that had been treated with the antibiotic azithromycin and learned two things: One, it turns out that the antibiotic isn't as effective as was previously thought. And two, the process that the bacteria use to evade the antibiotic appears to be an evolutionary mechanism that the bacteria developed in order to delay genetic replication when beneficial.

The team studied the way antibiotics work within the ribosome, the site where bacteria translates the genetic codes into protein. When the bacteria encounter a potential problem in copying its genetic material, as posed by an antibiotic, it has a mechanism to thwart antibiotic inhibition by means of "ribosome stalling" that is mediated by special upstream peptide elements.

Ref  http://www.pnas.org/content/111/43/15379.abstract?sid=94feec3e-058d-4239-97fb-bb9db8f148bb


Monday, January 16, 2017

Cempra Completes NDA Submissions for Solithromycin in the Treatment of Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia

Cempra, Inc.  , a clinical-stage pharmaceutical company focused on developing antibiotics to meet critical medical needs in the treatment of bacterial infectious diseases, announced the completion of its rolling submission of the New Drug Applications (NDA) for solithromycin to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP). Based on the Qualified Infectious Disease Product (QIDP) designation by the FDA of solithromycin, Cempra has Priority Review and has been granted Fast Track for both the oral capsule and intravenous formulations for the treatment of CABP, which could result in an FDA decision on solithromycin's NDA within eight months, or by the end of 2016, based on the Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA) performance goals.
Solithromycin.svg Solithromycin
"Completion of the rolling submission of our first NDAs during Cempra's ten year anniversary year represents a major milestone for the company and a significant step toward our goal of developing antibiotics to meet the critical medical needs of patients in the treatment of bacterial infectious diseases," stated Prabhavathi Fernandes, Ph.D., president and chief executive officer of Cempra. "We believe the intravenous and capsule formulations will provide dosing flexibility that could lead to fewer hospital admissions, earlier discharge if admitted, and increased treatment of CABP on an outpatient basis. We are confident we have a strong data package for solithromycin."
"The management of CABP remains a challenge to healthcare professionals and I firmly believe that solithromycin has the potential to be a significant part of the treatment of this life threatening illness, given its published clinical efficacy and potential for multiple formulations," stated Thomas M. File, M.D., principal investigator for solithromycin clinical trials, Northeast Ohio Medical University. "Solithromycin's potency, spectrum of activity and tolerability could help to offset the rising problem of bacterial resistance, and it is gratifying to note that patients could be closer to benefiting from this potential new treatment."
The FDA has a 60-day filing review period to determine whether the NDAs are complete and acceptable for filing, and to confirm that Priority Review has been granted. Cempra expects to communicate the agency's decision regarding acceptance of the NDAs and its PDUFA date when it is known. Cempra's submissions in the EU remain on track for completion by the end of June 2016.

About Solithromycin

Solithromycin is a highly potent next-generation macrolide, the first fluoroketolide, which has potent activity against most macrolide-resistant strains. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown potent activity against S. pneumoniae as well as an extended spectrum of activity against CA-MRSA, streptococci, Haemophilus, enterococci, Mycobacterium avium and in animal models of malaria. It is also active against atypical bacteria, such as legionella, chlamydia, mycoplasma and ureaplasma, and against gonococci and other organisms that cause genitourinary tract infections. It is 8-16 times more potent than azithromycin against many bacteria and is active against azithromycin-resistant strains. Solithromycin's activity against resistant strains is driven by its ability to interact with three sites on the bacterial ribosome, compared to one for current macrolides. The binding to bacterial ribosomes and interaction with three ribosomal sites is expected to limit the development of bacterial resistance to solithromycin.

Saturday, April 6, 2013

Clinical Trials Move to the Petri Dish


In continuation of my update on azithromycinZithromax ....

The common antibiotic Zithromax received a new warning label from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration indicating it could cause dangerous arrhythmias in people with pre-existing heart conditions. Now, researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine describe a “clinical trial in a dish” using patient-specific induced pluripotent stem, or iPS, cells to predict whether a drug will dangerously affect the heart’s function. The technique may be more accurate than the current in vitro drug-safety screening assays used by pharmaceutical companies, say the researchers, and may better protect patients from deadly side effects of common medications.


The technique allows scientists for the first time to test drugs directly on cells with mutations that cause hereditary cardiac diseases, rather than on the genetically modified human embryonic kidney cells or the Chinese hamster ovarian cells currently being used to detect cardiac toxicity.



The use of patient-specific iPS cells may help drug designers winnow heart-safe medications from those like the blockbuster anti-inflammatory drug Vioxx, which was withdrawn from the market because of unanticipated adverse cardiovascular events. It may also allow clinicians to identify sub-groups of patients, such as those with certain types of cardiac conditions, who should not be given certain drugs.

“Right now, the first time any drug sees a human heart cell is in a phase-1 clinical trial,” said Andrew Lee, a Stanford medical student and one of three lead authors of the study. “If adverse effects are seen, it can result in patient deaths, as in the case of the anti-inflammatory drug Vioxx or with cisapride, a drug previously used to treat digestive problems in people with diabetes. Right now, there are really no systematic studies to identify those people who are at risk.” Lee works in the laboratory of Joseph Wu, MD, PhD, who co-directs the Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, where the research was conducted.


The researchers anticipate that the technique, if adopted, could save millions of dollars and thousands of lives by streamlining the drug-testing process and increasing its sensitivity.